This closeup offers a great view of the oldest layers in the Grand Canyon. The dark, sloping cliffs above the river are the Vishnu Schist, a metamorphic rock originally formed from sediment. The pink areas in the Vishnu Schist in the middle of the picture are Zoroaster Granite (formed by blobs of magma rising as volcanic islands collided with the North American continent). Above the Vishnu Schist is the Tapeats Sandstone cliffs and the Bright Angel Shale. The red-tan cliffs are the Redwall Formation, capped by the dark red cliffs of the Supai Group.